提升能效战略和工具-欧盟经验.pdf
提升能效战略和工具-欧盟经验.pdf
Energy Efficiency Strategy and Policy Instruments – Experiences from the EU 提升建筑能效战略和工具 ——欧盟经验 Sino-German Energy Efficiency Expert Roundtable 中德能效专家圆桌论坛 Morning Session上午场 Expert Roundtable on “Energy Efficiency Strategy and Supporting Policies – Experiences from the EU and Germany” “提升建筑能效战略和工具”专家圆桌论坛 Oliver Rapf, Executive Director Buildings Performance Institute Europe Oliver Rapf，欧洲建筑性能研究所执行理事 @BPIE_eu Table of Content 主要内容 ⌂ The Buildings Performance Institute Europe 欧洲建筑性能研究所 ⌂ The Energy Union 能源联盟 ⌂ Efficiency First 效率至上 ⌂ The EU policy framework 欧盟政策框架 ⌂ The Energy Efficiency Directive 2012 2012年《能效指令》 ⌂ Renovation strategies 改造战略 ⌂ Energy Savings Obligation 节能义务 ⌂ Outlook 前景 The Buildings Performance Institute Europe 欧洲建筑性能研究所 European not-for-profit think-tank 欧洲非营利 性智库 Promotes policies and support instruments to increase the energy performance of buildings 推行政策和配套工具，以提升建筑的 能源绩效 Brussels, Bucharest, Berlin and Warsaw 布鲁塞尔、布加勒斯特、 柏林和华沙 In operation since 2010 成立于 2010年 Knowledge, policy, implementation 知识、政策、实施 Knowledge 知识 Policy 政策 Implementation 实施 www.bpie.eu Energy Union: the guiding dimensions 能源联盟：指导维度 Efficiency First for the Energy Union 能源联盟秉持效率至上原则 …the energy we do not use is the cheapest, most sustainable and most secure energy there is. The EU is already a world leader here; but I think we can do so much more. It starts with taking "efficiency first" as our abiding motto. EU Climate Action and Energy Commissioner Arias Canete, February 2015 ...我们不使用最廉价、最可持续和最安全的 能源。欧盟已经是这方面的世界领导者；但 我认为我们可以做得更多。一切工作始于将 “效率至上”作为我们的永恒口号。 欧盟气候行动和能源专员阿里亚斯·卡内特，2015 年2月 Efficiency First 效率至上 What is Efficiency First? 为何秉持效率至上原则？ Efficiency First is a guiding public policy principle : 效率至上是指导性的公共政策原则： ⌂ applied to energy sector policies, plans, and investments ⌂ 适用于能源部门的政策、计划和投资 ⌂ that chooses and requires investments in demand-side resources* ⌂ 选择并要求投资于需求侧资源* ⌂ whenever they would cost less, or deliver more value, than investing in energy fuels and supply-side infrastructure. ⌂ 在它们比投资能源燃料和供给侧基础设施花费更少，或者交付更多价值的任何时候。。 Departures from this rule are permitted only for clear, compelling reasons (e.g., system security) 只有提出明确的、令人信服的理由（例如系统安全），方可背离此项规则。 *Including both end-use efficiency and demand response resources *包括最终使用效率和需求响应资源 GDP and weather corrected final energy consumption in 1995-2015 1995-2015年GDP和根据天气修正的终端能源消费量 Brussels, 23.11.2017, COM(2017) 687 final 布鲁塞尔，2017年11月23日，COM(2017) 687最终数字 2030 framework for climate and energy policies Agreed headline targets 2030年气候和能源政策框架 达成一致的总体目标 Source: DG Energy 资料来源：DG Energy New governance systems and indicators 新的治理制度和指标 Clean Energy for All Europeans Package 欧洲清洁能源一揽子方案 Energy Efficiency Directive《能效指令》 Energy Performance of Buildings Directive《建筑能源绩效指令》 A communication on accelerating clean energy in buildings 关于加快建筑使用清洁能源的通讯 Ecodesign working plan 2016-2019 2016-2019年生态设计工作计划 Renewable Energy Directive《可再生能源指令》 Electricity market and consumers: Electricity Directive, Electricity Regulation and ACER Regulation, and a new Risk Preparedness Regulation 电力市场和消费者：电力指令、电力监管条例和ACER监管条例以及新的风险准备监管条例 An evolving EU policy framework for energy efficiency 不断演变的欧盟能源效率政策框架 Energy Efficiency Directive 《能效指令》 Binding 30% energy efficiency target for 2030 到2030年能效提高30％ 的 约束性目标 Access for consumers to consumption information 为消费者提供 消费信息 Eco-design Directive 《生态设计指 令》 Energy-related products 能源 相关产品 Governance Regulation Market Design 市场设计 治理监管 Requirements for Member States’ Integrated National Energy and Climate plans for 2021 to 2030 对2021至2030年成员国 综合性国家能源和气候 计划的要求 《建筑能源绩 效指令》 Provision to reward flexibility for generation, demandresponse and storage 对生产、需求响 应和存储给予灵 活奖励的规定 Product regulations 将成员国的年度节能义 务延长至2020年之后 Reviews of existing measures and studies for new measures for other products 对现有措施的审查以 及对其他产品配套新 措施的研究 Smartness indicator 智能指标 Renewable Energy Directive 《可再生能源 指令》 Obligations for renewable energy use in heating and cooling 关于在供暖和供 冷领域使用可再 生能源的义务 Electro-mobility infrastructure 电动交通 基础设施 产品监管条例 Extension of annual energy savings obligations for Member States beyond 2020 Energy Performance of Buildings Directive Provisions for the protection of vulnerable customers 为弱势客户提供 保护的规定 Member States Long-term national renovation strategies成员国 – 长期国家改造战略 Renewable energy target for 2030 2030年可再生能 源目标 The Energy Efficiency Directive 2012 2012年《能效指令》 Two examples of implementation: 关于实施的两个示例： ⌂ Article 4: Development of national renovation strategies ⌂ Article 7: Energy Saving Obligation ⌂ 第4条：制定国家改造战略 ⌂ 第7条：节能义务 Energy Efficiency Directive, Art. 4 《能效指令》第4条 ⌂ “Member States shall establish a long-term strategy for mobilising investment in renovation of the national stock of residential and commercial buildings, both public and private.” ⌂ “成员国应制定长期战略，调动投资， 用以改造全国公共和私有存量居住及 商业建筑。” ⌂ Publish by 30 April 2014 and update every 3 years thereafter ⌂ 2014年4月30日前发布，之后每3年更 新一次 EU Member States efforts on renovation 欧盟成员国开展的改造工作 Level of compliance to issue a national renovation strategy which triggers a deep renovation of the building stock (EED 2012, Art.4) 发布国家改造战略， 发起对存量建筑进行 深度改造的合规水平 （EED 2012，第4条） Sources: BPIE 2014, JRC 2016 资料来源：BPIE 2014, JRC 2016 76% - 100% 51% - 75% <50% Cyprus 塞浦路斯 Malta 马耳他 Energy Savings Obligation (Article 7) 节能义务（第7条） Energy savings obligation: how does it work? Art. 7 requires MSs to achieve 1.5% energy savings of final energy sales (among final consumers) every year from 2014 to 2020 (➔ NB: the article stops in 2020) ⌂ Measures and savings should be additional to implementation of other EU legislation such as products and vehicles the for 节能义务：如何运作？ 第7条要求2014至2020年期间，成员国的终端能源销售额（最终消费 者）每年减少1.5%。（➔注意：本条规定将在2020年失效） ⌂ 应当在实施欧盟其他法规期间采取额外的节能措施，例如针对产 品和汽车 Energy savings obligation: how does it work? 节能义务：如何运作？ ⌂ Article 7 delivers most of the EED energy savings until 2020; ⌂ 第7条规定了2020年之前《能效指令》的大部分节能要求； ⌂ It gives flexibility to MSs on how to achieve energy savings (EEOs or alternative measures); ⌂ 它在如何实现节能（“节能机会”或其他措施）方面为成员国赋予了灵活性； ⌂ MSs have reported around 500 measures under Article 7, the majority in the building sector; ⌂ 根据第7条，成员国已经报告大约500项措施，其中大部分针对建筑行业； ⌂ New business models for energy efficiency and new stakeholders involved in implementation; ⌂ 新的节能商业模式和参与实施的新利益相关方； ⌂ Evidence shows that the cost of saving energy is lower than the cost of supplying energy (for both EEOs and other policy measures). ⌂ 有证据表明，节能成本低于供能成本（适用于“节能机会”及其他政策措施）。 Breakdown of ex-ante energy savings, based on notified savings by type of policy measure for EU-28 over period 2014–2020 (figures in ktoe) 事前节能量细分，基于2014 –2020年欧盟28国通报的采取不同类型 政策措施所实现的节约量（数据单位：千吨油当量） Source: Forster et al. (2016) 资料来源：Forster等（2016） Examples of measures reported under Article 7 根据第7条报告的措施示例 16 Energy efficiency obligations implemented or planned - typical measures promoted by the EEOS include: ⌂ energy efficient appliances; building insulation; heating and cooling system upgrades; and cross-cutting industrial measures (e.g. energy efficient motors). 16项业已实施或规划的节能义务——“节能机会”推行的典型措施包括： ⌂ 节能型电器；建筑保温隔热；供暖和供冷系统升级；以及跨领域行业措施（如节能型电机）。 More than 130 individual financial schemes and fiscal incentives have been notified by MS in relation to Article 7 (e.g.): ⌂ ⌂ Building renovation: grants for building renovation (Croatia, Romania, Italy) tax incentives (Italy: up to 65% tax reduction on energy efficient investments in buildings) guarantee fund for building renovation (France) mixed soft loan and grant for buildings (Germany) grants for the construction of exemplary buildings with energy efficiency features (Brussels region) Products: modernisation of public lighting (tax credit in Malta and grants in Romania) 关于第7条，成员国已经通报130多项财政计划和财政激励措施，例如： ⌂ ⌂ 建筑改造： 建筑改造补贴（克罗地亚、罗马尼亚、意大利） 税收优惠（意大利：建筑节能投资最高减税65%） 建筑改造保障基金（法国） 混合软贷款和建筑补贴（德国） 具有节能特征之示范建筑的建设补贴（布鲁塞尔地区） 产品 公共照明现代化（马耳他税收抵免和罗马尼亚补贴） Outlook: The EU policy framework for Energy Efficiency – it is evolving! 前景： 欧盟能源效率政策框架——持续演变！ ECODESIGN 生态 设计 RED 《可再 生能源 指令》 New Energy Market 新能源市场 H&C strategy 供暖和供 冷战略 EED Energy Union 《能效 指令》 能源 联盟 EPBD 《建筑能 源绩效指 令》 Thank you! 谢谢！ Oliver.Rapf@bpie.eu You can find all our reports on 查阅我们的所有报告，请登录 WWW.BPIE.EU @BPIE_eu